Hobaneng ha MOSFET e le Bohlokoa ho Elektroniki ea Kajeno
Na u kile oa ipotsa hore na smartphone ea hau e ka kenya matla a mangata hakaale a komporo sebakeng se senyane hakae? Karabo e ho e 'ngoe ea lintho tse qapiloeng ka ho fetisisa tsa elektroniki: MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor). Hore na o motho ea ratang ho itlosa bolutu, moithuti, kapa o labalabela ho tseba ka lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, ho utloisisa MOSFET ho bohlokoa mehleng ea kajeno ea dijithale.
Hantle-ntle MOSFET ke Eng?
Nahana ka MOSFET e le sesebelisoa se senyenyane sa elektroniki se ka laolang phallo ea motlakase. Ho fapana le li-switches tse tloaelehileng tsa mochini, li-MOSFET ha li na likarolo tse tsamaeang 'me li ka fetola makhetlo a likete kapa a limilione ka motsotsoana. Ke meaho ea mantlha ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki tsa dijithale tsa sejoale-joale, ho tloha ho li-control tse bonolo tsa LED ho isa ho li-microprocessors tse rarahaneng.
Sebopeho sa Motheo sa MOSFET
| Theminale | Mosebetsi | Papiso |
|---|---|---|
| Heke (G) | E laola phallo ea hona joale | Joalo ka letsoho la pompo ea metsi |
| Mohloli (S) | Moo ho kenang hona joale | Joalo ka mohloli oa metsi |
| Khala (D) | Moo hona joale e tsoang teng | Joaloka mokelikeli oa metsi |
Mefuta ea MOSFETs: N-Channel vs P-Channel
Li-MOSFET li tla ka litlolo tse peli tse kholo: N-channel le P-channel. Li nke e le lisebelisoa tse tlatselletsang lebokoseng la hau la lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki. Li-MOSFET tsa N-channel li tšoana le lisebelisoa tse ka letsohong le letona (tse tloaelehileng haholo 'me hangata li theko e tlaase), ha P-channel MOSFET e tšoana le lisebelisoa tse ka letsohong le letšehali (tse sa tloaelehang empa li hlokahala bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse itseng).
Liphapang Tsa Sehlooho
- N-channel: E bulela ka motlakase o motle oa heke
- P-channel: E bulela ka motlakase o mobe oa heke
- N-channel: Ka kakaretso e theola khanyetso ea RDS(on)
- P-channel: Moralo o bonolo oa potoloho maemong a mang
Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa MOSFETs
Li-MOSFET li na le likarolo tse ngata tse fapaneng haholo. Lisebelisoa tse ling tse tloaelehileng ke tsena:
- Lisebelisoa tsa motlakase le li-voltage regulators
- Balaoli ba likoloi le li-circuits tsa PWM
- Bakhanni ba LED le taolo ea mabone
- Li-amplifier tsa molumo
- Lisebelisoa tse tsamaisoang ke betri
Ho Khetha MOSFET e Nepahetseng
Ho khetha MOSFET e loketseng ts'ebeliso ea hau ho kenyelletsa ho nahana ka lintlha tse 'maloa tsa bohlokoa:
| Paramethara | Tlhaloso | Tloaelehileng Range |
|---|---|---|
| VDS(max) | Matla a phahameng a ho ntša metsi | 20V - 800V |
| ID(boholo) | Boholo ba draina hajoale | 1A – 100A |
| RDS(e butswe) | Khanyetso ea naha | 1mΩ – 100mΩ |
Liphoso Tse Tloaelehileng Tseo U Lokelang ho li Qoba
Ha u sebetsa le MOSFET, ba qalang hangata ba etsa liphoso tsena:
- Ho lebala ka tshireletso ya heke
- Ho hlokomoloha tsamaiso ea mocheso
- Voltage e fosahetseng ea heke
- Mekhoa e fosahetseng ea sebopeho sa PCB
Lihlooho Tse Tsoetseng Pele
Litlhaloso tsa Gate Drive
Ho khanna ka tsela e nepahetseng ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea MOSFET. Nahana ka lintlha tsena:
- Matla a matla a monyako (VGS(th))
- Chelete ea heke (Qg)
- Litlhoko tsa lebelo la ho fetoha
- Tsamaisa topology ea potoloho
Tsamaiso ea Mocheso
Li-MOSFET tsa matla li ka hlahisa mocheso o moholo nakong ea ts'ebetso. Taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso e kenyelletsa:
- Khetho e nepahetseng ea heatsink
- Thermal segokanyimmediamentsi sa sebolokigolo
- Mehopolo ea phallo ea moea
- Tlhokomelo ea mocheso
U hloka Litharollo tsa MOSFET tsa Setsebi?
Ho Olukey, re fana ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng ea li-MOSFET tsa boleng bo holimo bakeng sa lits'ebetso tsohle. Sehlopha sa rona sa litsebi se ka u thusa ho khetha MOSFET e phethahetseng bakeng sa litlhoko tsa hau tse ikhethileng.
Lisebelisoa tse Eketsehileng
U batla ho ithuta haholoanyane ka li-MOSFET? Sheba lisebelisoa tsena tsa bohlokoa:
- Lintlha tse qaqileng tsa kopo
- Litataiso tsa moralo
- Litlhaloso tsa tekheniki
- Lipotoloho tsa mehlala
